Adaptive Responses of Chickpea Cultivars to UV-B Radiation: Implications for Genetic Diversity and Crop Resilience
Основное содержимое статьи
Sachchida Nand Mishra
Faculity of Agriculture, Prof Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University, Prayagraj Bharauha, Uttar Pradesh, India
sonmishra2@gmail.com
Puskar Dubey
Faculity of Agriculture, Prof Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University, Prayagraj Bharauha, Uttar Pradesh, India
puskardubey63061@gmail.com
Govind Prajapati
Faculity of Agriculture, Prof Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University, Prayagraj Bharauha, Uttar Pradesh, India
govind2017310@gmail.comАннотация
Increasing awareness has emerged regarding the impact of ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation (280–315 nm) on plant development and overall yield, particularly in the context of global climate change. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), a crop widely valued worldwide for its nutritional and economic importance, exhibits cultivar-specific responses to UV-B exposure, highlighting the critical role of genetic diversity in stress adaptation. This review synthesizes recent studies on the responses and adaptive mechanisms of chickpea cultivars to UV-B radiation. It focuses on the genetic, physiological, biochemical, and morphological mechanisms underlying stress tolerance. UV-B-induced damage to DNA and associated molecular changes can alter gene expression and modulate stress-response traits. Plant growth and productivity are ultimately influenced by the physiological effects of UV-B radiation on processes such as transpiration, photosynthesis, and nutrient uptake. Elevated UV-B levels generally impair normal plant functioning, reducing water-use efficiency, stomatal development, and metabolic activity, which in turn limit biomass accumulation and yield. However, certain genotypes exhibit enhanced tolerance to UV-B stress. These genotypes activate effective photo protective mechanisms and adjust physiological processes to maintain essential functions and sustain growth. In addition to physiological and biochemical responses, chickpea plants also undergo significant morphological adaptations that mitigate UV-B damage. These include the development of a thicker cuticle (a waxy outer layer), changes in leaf morphology, and modifications in root and shoot architecture. Such adaptations improve the plant’s capacity for water and nutrient uptake as well as light utilization, thereby enhancing stress tolerance.
Информация о статье
##plugins.generic.dates.accepted## 2026-04-28
##plugins.generic.dates.published## 2026-04-28
Библиографические ссылки
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT statistical database: Crops and livestock products (Chickpea): FAO; 2023. – Available online: https://www.fao.org/faostat/ (accessed on 10 March 2026).
Moreno, M.T., Cubero, J.I. Variation in Cicer arietinum L. // Euphytica. – 1978. – Vol. 27.– P. 465–485. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00043173
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2024: Pulses (Chickpea): MoAFW; 2024. – Available online: https://agricoop.nic.in/en/statistics/agricultural-statistics-glance (accessed on 10 March 2026).
Farm.ws. Agriculture farming (UP agriculture) // Farm.ws. – Available online: https://farm.ws/up-agriculture/ (accessed on 10 March 2026).
Kumar, R., Kumar, R., Kumar, G., Tyagi, S., Goyal, A. K. Impact of supplemental UV-B radiation on flower and pod formation in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) // Journal of Plant Development Sciences. – 2014. – Vol. 6(2). – P. 223–228.
Schrader, T.J. Mutagens // Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition. – 2nd ed. – Academic Press, 2003. – P. 4081–4086. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-12-227055-X/00817-8
Ukai, Y. Effectiveness and efficiency of mutagenic treatments // Gamma Field Symposia. – 2006. – No. 45. – P. 1–4.
Shah, J.K., Hamid, U.K., Rahim, D.K., Malik, M.I., Yusuf, Z. Development of sugarcane mutants through in vitro mutagenesis // Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. – 2000. – Vol. 3(7). – P. 1123–1125. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2000.1123.1125
Kharkwal, M.C., Pandey, R.N., Pawar, S.E. Mutation breeding for crop improvement // Plant Breeding / eds. Jain, H. K., Kharkwal, M. C. – Dordrecht: Springer. – 2004. – P. 601–645. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1040-5_26
Brunner, H. Radiation induced mutations for plant selection // Applied Radiation and Isotopes. – 1995. – Vol. 46(6–7). – P. 589–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/0969-8043(95)00096-8
Oladosu, Y., Rafii, M.Y., Abdullah, N., Hussin, G., Ramli, A., Rahim, H.A., Miah, G., Usman, M. Principle and application of plant mutagenesis in crop improvement: a review // Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment. – 2016. – Vol. 30(1). – P. 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2015.1087333
Rhoades, M.M. Lewis John Stadler – 1896–1954 // National Academy of Sciences. – 1957.
Auerbach, C., Robson, J.M. Action of mustard gas on the bone marrow // Nature. – 1946. – Vol. 158. – P. 878. https://doi.org/10.1038/158878b0
Kharkwal, G., Chandra, V., Fatima, I., Dwivedi, A. Ormeloxifene inhibits osteoclast differentiation in parallel to downregulating RANKL-induced ROS generation and suppressing the activation of ERK and JNK in murine RAW264.7 cells // Journal of Molecular Endocrinology. – 2012. – Vol. 48(3). – P. 261–270. https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-11-0061
Spencer-Lopes, M.M., Jankuloski, L., Mukhtar Ali Ghanim, A., Matijevic, M., Kodym, A. Physical mutagenesis // Manual on Mutation Breeding / eds. Spencer-Lopes, M. M., Forster, B. P., Jankuloski, L. – Third Edition. – Vienna: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Atomic Energy Agency. – 2018. – P. 5–50.
Madronich, S., McKenzie, R.L., Björn, L.O., Caldwell, M.M. Changes in biologically active ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth’s surface // Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B. – 1998. – Vol. 46(1–3). – P. 5–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1011-1344(98)00182-1
Caldwell, M.M., Teramura, A.H., Tevini, M. The changing solar ultraviolet climate and the ecological consequences for higher plants // Trends in Ecology & Evolution. – 1989. – Vol. 4(12). – P. 363–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(89)90100-6
Prat, L.H., Butler, W.L. Phytochrome conversion by ultraviolet light // Photochemistry and Photobiology. – 1970. – Vol. 11. – P. 503–509. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1970.tb06021.x
Tevini, M., Teramura, A.H. UV-B effects on terrestrial plants // Photochemistry and Photobiology. – 1989. – Vol. 50(4). – P. 479–487. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1989.tb05552.x
Caldwell, M.M., Björn, L.O., Bornman, J.F., Flint, S.D., Kulandaivelu, G., Teramura, A.H., Tevini, M. Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on terrestrial ecosystems // Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. – 1998. – Vol. 46(1–3). – P. 40–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1011-1344(98)00184-5
Jansen, M.A.K., Gaba, V., Greenberg, B.M. Higher plants and UV-B radiation: Balancing damage, repair and acclimation // Trends in Plant Science. – 1998. – Vol. 3(4). – P. 131–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(98)01215-1
Jenkins, G.I. Signal transduction in responses to UV-B radiation // Annual Review of Plant Biology. – 2009. – Vol. 60. – P. 407–431.
Björn, L.O. Photobiology: The science of light and life. – 3rd ed. – Springer. – 2015.
Paul, N.D., Gwynn-Jones, D. Ecological roles of solar UV radiation: Towards an integrated approach // Trends in Ecology & Evolution. – 2003. – Vol. 18(1). – P. 48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(02)00014-9
World Health Organization. Ultraviolet radiation and the INTERSUN Programme // WHO. – 2016. – Available online: https://www.who.int/uv (accessed on 11 March 2026).
International Commission on Illumination (CIE). Erythema reference action spectrum and standard erythema dose // ISO/CIE 17166:2019. – Vienna: CIE Central Bureau, 2019. – Available online: https://www.iso.org/standard/74167.html (accessed on 11 April 2026).
Frohnmeyer, H., Staiger, D. Ultraviolet-B radiation-mediated responses in plants. Balancing damage and protection // Plant Physiology. – 2003. – Vol. 133(4). – P. 1420–1428. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.103.030049
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Radiation: Volume 100D. A review of human carcinogens // IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. – Lyon: IARC, 2012. – Available online: https://publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report-Series/Iarc-Monographs-On-The-Evaluation-Of-Carcinogenic-Risks-To-Humans/Radiation-2012 (accessed on 11 April 2026).
Ploydaeng, M., Rajatanavin, N., Rattanakaemakorn, P. UV-C light: a powerful technique for inactivating microorganisms and the related side effects to the skin // Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine. – 2021. – Vol. 37(1). – P. 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/phpp.12605
Bolton, J.R., Cotton, C.A. The ultraviolet disinfection handbook. – American Water Works Association. – 2008.
Hideg, É., Jansen, M. A. K., Strid, Å. UV-B exposure, ROS, and stress: Inseparable companions or loosely linked associates? // Trends in Plant Science. – 2013. – Vol. 18(2). – P. 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2012.09.003
Jansen, M.A.K. Ultraviolet-B radiation effects on plants: Induction or morphogenic responses // Physiologia Plantarum. – 2002. – Vol. 116. – P. 423–429. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1160319.x
Gao, W., Grant, R.H., Heisler, G.M. Spectral radiative properties of various tree species in ultraviolet wave lengths and irradiance modeling implications // Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology with Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology. – Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society. – 1996. – P. 417–418.
Holmes, M. G., Keiller, D. R. Effects of pubescence and waxes on the reflectance of leaves in the ultraviolet and photosynthetic wavebands: a comparison of a range of species // Plant, Cell & Environment. – 2002. – Vol. 25(1). – P. 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00779.x
Robberecht, R., Caldwell, M.M., Billings, W.D. Leaf ultraviolet optical properties along a latitudinal gradient in the Arctic-alpine life zone // Ecology. – 1980. – Vol. 61. – P. 612–621. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937427
Nagel, L.M., Bassman, J.H., Edwards, G.E., Robberecht, R., Franceschi, V.R. Leaf anatomical changes in Populus trichocarpa, Quercus rubra, Pseudotsuga menziesii and Pinus ponderosa exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation // Physiologia Plantarum. – 1998. – Vol. 104(3). – P. 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1998.1040314.x
Bornman, J.F., Vogelmann, T.C. Effect of UV-B radiation on leaf optical properties measured with fibre optics // Journal of Experimental Botany. – 1991. – Vol. 42(4). – P. 547–554. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/42.4.547
Miller, J E., Booker, F.L., Fiscus, E.L., Heagle, A.S., Pursley, W.A., Vozzo, S.F., Heck, W.W. Ultraviolet-B radiation and ozone effects on growth, yield, and photosynthesis of soybean // Journal of Environmental Quality. – 1994. – Vol. 23. – P. 83–91. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1994.00472425002300010012x
Rao, M.V., Paliyath, G., Ormrod, D.P. Ultraviolet-B- and ozone-induced biochemical changes in antioxidant enzymes of Arabidopsis thaliana // Plant Physiology. – 1996. – Vol. 110 (1). – P. 125–136. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.1.125
Ambasht, N.K., Agrawal, M. Interactive effects of ozone and ultraviolet-B singly and in combination on physiological and biochemical characteristics of soybean plants // Journal of Plant Biology. – 2003. – Vol. 30(1). – P. 37–45.
Cen, Y.P., Bornman, J.F. The effect of exposure to enhanced UV-B radiation on the penetration of monochromatic and polychromatic UV-B radiation in leaves of Brassica napus // PhysiologiaPlantarum. – 1993. – Vol. 87. – P. 249–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1993.tb01727.x
GonzalezCuesta, R., Paul, N.D., Percy, K., Ambrose, M., McLaughlin, C.K., Barnes, J.D., Areses, M., Wellburn, A.R. Responses to ultraviolet-B radiation (280–315 nm) of pea (Pisumsativum) lines differing in leaf surface wax // PhysiologiaPlantarum. – 1996. – Vol. 98. – P. 852–860.
Jordan, B.R. The effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on plants: a molecular perspective // Advances in Botanical Research. – 1996. – Vol. 22. – P. 98–138.
Arora, A., Sairam, R.K., Srivastava, G.C. Oxidative stress and antioxidative system in plants // Current Science. – 2002. – Vol. 82(10). – P. 1227–1238.
Hasanuzzaman, M., Bhuyan, M.H.M.B., Zulfiqar, F., Raza, A., Mohsin, S.M., Mahmud, J.A., Fujita, M., Fotopoulos, V. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in plants under abiotic stress: Revisiting the crucial role of a universal defense regulator // Antioxidants. – 2020. – Vol. 9. – Article 681.
Dumanović, J., Nepovimova, E., Natić, M., Kuča, K., Jaćević, V. The significance of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense system in plants: A concise overview // Frontiers in Plant Science. – 2021. – Vol. 11. – Article 552969. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.552969
Wada, M., Kagawa, T., Sato, Y. Chloroplast movement // Annual Review of Plant Biology. – 2003. – Vol. 54. – P. 455–468. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.54.031902.135023
Zhou, B.B., Elledge, S. The DNA damage response: putting checkpoints in perspective // Nature. – 2000. – Vol. 408. – P. 433–439. https://doi.org/10.1038/35044005
Thoma, F. Light, dark in chromatin repair: repair of UV-induced DNA lesions by photolyase and nucleotide excision repair // EMBO Journal. – 1999. – Vol. 18. – P. 6585–6598. https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/18.23.6585
Liang, T., Yang, Y., Liu, H. Signal transduction mediated by the plant UV-B photoreceptor UVR8 // New Phytologist. – 2019. – Vol. 221(3). – P. 1247–1252. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15469
Rizzini, L., Favory, J. J., Cloix, C., et al. Perception of UV-B by the Arabidopsis UVR8 protein // Science. – 2011. – Vol. 332(6025). – P. 103–106. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1200660
Fernández, M. B., Tossi, V., Lamattina, L., Cassia, R. A comprehensive phylogeny reveals functional conservation of the UV-B photoreceptor UVR8 from green algae to higher plants // Frontiers in Plant Science. – 2016. – Vol. 7. – Article 1698. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01698
Shinozaki, K., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., Seki, M. Regulatory network of gene expression in the drought and cold stress responses // Current Opinion in Plant Biology. – 2003. – Vol. 6 (5). – P. 410–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5266(03)00092-x
Bartels, D., Sunkar, R. Drought and salt tolerance in plants // Critical Reviews in Plant Science. – 2005. – Vol. 24. – P. 23–58.
Varshney, R.K., Hiremath, P.J., Lekha, P., Kashiwagi, J., Balaji, J., Deokar, A.A., Vadez, V., Xiao, Y., Srinivasan, R., Gaur, P.M., Siddique, K.H., Town, C.D., Hoisington, D.A. A comprehensive resource of drought- and salinity-responsive ESTs for gene discovery and marker development in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) // BMC Genomics. – 2009. – Vol. 10. – Article 523. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-523
Umavathi, S., Mullainathan, L. Induced mutagenesis in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with special reference to the frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations // Journal of Applied and Advanced Research. – 2016. – Vol. 1(1). – P. 49–53. https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2016.v1i1.15
Kamble, M.S., Patil, G.P. Induced mutagenesis and morphological screening in M₂ generation of chickpea varieties Vishal and JAKI-9218 // Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications. – 2018. – Vol. 11(2). – P. 356–362.
Kumar, S., Joshi Saha, A., Dogra, S. Chlorophyll mutations and comparative effect of physical and chemical mutagens and determination of useful doses for mutagenesis in chickpea cultivar GNG 1958 (Cicer arietinum L.) // Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. – 2024. – Vol. 13(5). – P. 418–426. https://doi.org/10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i5f.15108
Khan, S., Wani, M.R., Parveen, K. Mutation-induced alterations in agronomic traits of chickpea // Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. – 2020. – Vol. 9(3). – P. 234–239.
Wani, A.A. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate and their combination treatments in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) // Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. – 2009. – Vol. 8(4). – P. 318–321. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2009.318.321
Kharkwal, M.C., Nagar, J.P., Kala, Y.K. BGM 547 – A high yielding chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) mutant variety for late sown conditions of North Western Plains Zone of India // Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding. – 2005. – Vol. 65(3). – P. 229–230.
Amri-Tiliouine, W., Laouar, M., Abdelguerfi, A., Jankowicz-Cieslak, J., Jankuloski, L., Till, B.J. Genetic variability induced by gamma rays and preliminary results of low-cost TILLING on M₂ generation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) // Frontiers in Plant Science. – 2018. – Vol. 9. – Article 1568. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01568
Ilyas, M., Hameed, A., Shah, T.M. et al. Field and biochemical evaluation of glyphosate tolerant chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) mutants developed through induced mutagenesis // BMC Plant Biology. – 2024. – Vol. 24. – Article 1028. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-05733-x
Umavathi, S., Mullainathan, L. Induced chlorophyll mutations in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) // Journal of Applied and Advanced Research. – 2016. – Vol. 1(1). – P. 49–53. https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2016.v1i1.15